Tapered roller bearing installation

Tapered roller bearings are separable bearings with inner and outer rings that can be separated. Therefore, during installation, the inner ring cage rolling element assembly can be press-fitted onto the shaft, and the outer ring is separately inserted into the bearing housing hole. When using a sleeve press, it should be noted that one end of the sleeve must be placed on the end face of the outer ring and must not be placed on the inclined raceway surface.

Tapered roller bearings are mostly used in pairs. In the installation, three aspects should be focused on: selecting the installation and matching; adjusting the axial clearance; conducting the test run and detecting the temperature.
Choose to install and match

The outer ring of the tapered roller bearing and the housing of the bearing housing should not be used with interference fit. The inner ring and the journal should not be too tight. It is required to make a flexible axial displacement when using the nut during installation. . Because the tapered roller bearing adopts an interference fit, the contact angle of the bearing is easily changed, resulting in uneven bearing load distribution, causing high temperature rise. Therefore, the inner and outer rings of such bearings are fitted with the journal and the housing hole of the bearing housing. Generally, it is best to push the bearing into the journal and the housing hole with both hands and thumbs.

Adjust axial clearance
For the axial clearance of the tapered roller bearing, the adjusting nut on the journal, the adjusting washer and the thread in the bearing housing hole can be used, or the pre-tightening spring can be used to adjust. The size of the axial clearance is related to the arrangement of the bearing when it is installed, the distance between the bearings, and the material of the shaft and the bearing housing, which can be determined according to the working conditions. For high-load and high-speed tapered roller bearings, the influence of temperature rise on axial clearance must be considered when adjusting the clearance, and the amount of clearance reduction caused by temperature rise is estimated, that is, axial clearance It should be adjusted a little bigger. For bearings with low speed and vibration, no clearance installation or preload installation is required. The purpose is to make the roller and the raceway of the tapered roller bearing have good contact, and the load is evenly distributed to prevent the roller and the raceway from being damaged by the vibration shock. After adjustment, the size of the axial clearance is checked with a dial gauge. The method is to first fix the dial gauge to the fuselage or the bearing seat, so that the dial gauge contact bears against the smooth surface of the shaft, and pushes the shaft along the axial direction, and the maximum swing amount of the hands is the axial clearance value.

Test run and temperature detection
In order to make the roller of the tapered roller bearing in good contact with the raceway and obtain a suitable axial clearance, the test run and the temperature should be tested after the tapered roller bearing is installed and the clearance is adjusted every time. The method is to run at a low speed for 2-8 minutes, then at a medium speed for 2 hours, and then to the high speed step by step. The test run speed of each stage shall not be less than 30 minutes, the temperature rise rate shall not exceed 5 °C per hour, and the final stable temperature shall not exceed 70 °C.
In addition, in the installation and adjustment of the tapered roller bearing, it should also be noted that the tapered roller must be in good contact with the large rib of the inner ring.